Camera obscura

It was created in the fifth century before Christ by Mo Ti. From then people has given a lot of uses to it. For example, Aristotle used its principles to observe solar eclipses in the middle of the forth century before Christ.
Alhacen (islamic cientific, 965-1038 b.C.) used it to understand and explain how the human eye works. Leonardo Da Vinci also compared the eye with this object, and he made it more portable.
In the Renaissance, artists used it for his drawings, especially to know how to give the sensation of depth.
It was Kepler, in 1604, who called this object "camera obscura".

The camera obscura is a closed space, like a room or a box, where the only light that enters to it comes from a tiny hole in one of the walls, projecting the reversed image of what is at the other side. This was the
precursor of the actual photographic camera.

Use of the camera obscura in the Reinassance

Materials and tools:
Shoes box, aluminium paper, vegetal paper, black paint, cooter, brush, needle, adhesive tape, mirror (of the same width of the box and not too long)

Step 1:
Paint with black painting the box for its inside and make sure that there isn't any whole or something that can allow unwanted light to enter at the box.
Step 2:
Make a hole in one of the laterals of the box, not too big (5cms x 5 cms). Cover it with the soil and fix it with adhesive tape. Make a hole with the needle in the center of the soil.
Step 3:
Make a hole in the other side, bigger than the other. Cover that hole with the vegetal paper (fix it with adhesive tape)

You could finsh here the camera obscura, but you can make an alternative step 3:
-You can make the second hole in the oposite side of the cover of the box and cover it with the same vegetal paper. Then you'll have to put the mirror like in the image. This will make you able to see the image without reverse.